Satellite images: NASA.
READ
THIS DISCLAIMER:
This website is
not a guide to herbal use. The information and illustrations
found
here are for scholarly, artistic, and historical purposes only.
Improper use of medicinal plants can be harmful or fatal. Contact
your
trained medical practitioner for advice and information
about proper and safe use of herbs.
Maquah.net,
Maquah Publications, and Clara NiiSka assume no responsibility or
liability for harms associated with any herbal use.
Web page
© Maquah
Publications, 2005
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Fagopyrum
P. Mill. buckwheat
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fagopyrum
esculentum . Buckwheat, fagopyrum - Polygonaceae *MN*
non-native, *WI*
Fagopyrum
esculentum Moench buckwheat
Fagopyrum fagopyrum (L.)
Karst.
Fagopyrum sagittatum Gilib.
Fagopyrum vulgare Hill
Polygonum fagopyrum L.
Fagopyrum sagittatum [Google
Images]
. buckwheat - *MB*
More information needed on
abundance of species throughout range; not native to Manitoba
Fagopyrum
tataricum (L.) Gaertn. Tartary buckwheat
- *MB*
More information needed on
abundance of species throughout range; not native to Manitoba
Polygonum tataricum L.
Fagus
L. beech
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fagus
grandifolia Ehrh. American beech,
beechnut - *WI*
Fagus americana Sweet
Fagus ferruginea Aiton
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. var.
caroliniana (Loud.) Fern. & Rehd.
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. ssp.
heterophylla Camp
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. var.
caroliniana (Loudon) Fernald & Rehder (WI)
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. var.
grandifolia (WI)
Falcaria
Fabr. falcaria
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Falcaria
vulgaris Bernh. sickleweed, sickle-weed - *WI*
Falcaria sioides (Wibel)
Aschers.
Fatoua
villosa . Hairy
crabweed - Moraceae
*MN* non-native
Festuca
L. fescue
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Festuca
altaica Trin. Altai fescue
Festuca altaica Trin. ssp.
scabrella (Torr. ex Hook.) Hultén
Festuca altaica Trin. var.
scabrella (Torr. ex Hook.) Breitung
Festuca scabrella Torr. ex
Hook.
Festuca
arundinacea Schreb. . reed fescue, rye
grass, tall fescue - *WI*
* +
Festuca elatior L. subsp.
arundinacea (Schreb.) Hack. (WI)
Festuca elatior L. var. arundinacea
(Schreb.) Wimm. (WI)
Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.)
Darbysh. (WI)
Festuca brachyphylla [Google
Images]
. short-leaved fescue - *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; uncommon in
Manitoba, less than 100 occurrences
Festuca
brachyphylla var. rydbergii . Mountain
fescue - Poaceae *MN*
native
to Minnesota
Festuca
diffusa Dumort. . spreading fescue - *WI*
* +
Festuca multiflora Hoffm. (WI)
Festuca rubra L. var. multiflora
(Hoffm.) Asch. & Graebn. (WI)
Festuca
elatior . meadow fescue, tall fescue - Poaceae
*MN* non-native, *MB*
More information needed on
abundance of species throughout range; not native to Manitoba
Festuca
filiformis Pourret fineleaf sheep fescue
Festuca capillata Lam.
Festuca ovina L. var.
capillata (Lam.) Alef.
Festuca ovina L. var.
tenuifolia (Sibthorp) Sm.
Festuca ovina L. ssp.
tenuifolia (Sibth.) Peterm.
Festuca tenuifolia Sibthorp
Festuca hallii [Google
Images]
. plains rough fescue - *MB*
Species widespread
throughout range, but elements of future concern; uncommon in
Manitoba, less than 100 occurrences
Festuca
heteromalla Pourret varioushair fescue
Festuca diffusa Dumort.
Festuca fallax Thuill.
Festuca multiflora Hoffmann
Festuca rubra L. ssp. falax
(Thuill.) Nyman
Festuca rubra L. var.
multiflora (Hoffmann) Aschers. & Graebn.
Festuca obtusa [Google
Images]
. nodding fescue - *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; very rare in
Manitoba, less than 5 occurrences, vulnerable to extirpation
Festuca
occidentalis Hook. western fescue
- *WI*
Festuca ovina L. var.
polyphylla Vasey ex Beal
Festuca
ovina . Sheep
fescue, sheep's fescue - Poaceae
*MN*
non-native, *MB*
More information needed on
abundance of species throughout range; not native to Manitoba
Festuca
paradoxa . cluster fescue, paradox fescue - Poaceae
*MN* native
to Minnesota, *WI*
Festuca
paradoxa Desv. clustered fescue
Festuca nutans Biehler
Festuca shortii Kunth ex Wood
Festuca
pratensis . Meadow fescue,
meadow rye grass, rye grass - Poaceae *MN* non-native,
*WI*
Festuca elatior L., pro parte (WI)
Lolium pratense (Huds.) Darbysh. (WI)
Festuca richardsonii [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Species widespread and
abundant throughout range, variety widespread but elements of future
concern; very rare in Manitoba, less than 5 occurrences, vulnerable to
extirpation
Festuca
rubra . Red
fescue - Poaceae *MN*
origin
undetermined, *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; widespread, abundant,
and apparently secure in Manitoba
Festuca
rubra L. red fescue
Festuca
rubra L. subsp. fallax (Thuill.) Hayek . Chewing's fescue,
red fescue - *WI*
+
Festuca fallax Thuill. (WI)
Festuca rubra L. var. commutata
Gaudin (WI)
Festuca rubra L. var. fallax
(Thuill.) P.Fourn. (WI)
Festuca
rubra L. ssp. rubra red fescue
- *WI*
Festuca rubra L. f. squarrosa
(Fries) Holmb. (WI)
Festuca rubra L. var. juncea
(Hack.) Richter
Festuca rubra L. ssp. juncea
(Hack.) Soó
Festuca rubra L. var. megastachys
auct. non (Gaudin) Hegi (WI)
Festuca saximontana Rydb. var.
saximontana (WI)
Festuca
saximontana Rydb. Rocky Mountain fescue - *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; widespread, abundant,
and apparently secure in Manitoba
Festuca
saximontana Rydb. var. saximontana Rocky
Mountain fescue
- *WI*
Festuca brachyphylla J.A.
Schultes ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes var. rydbergii (St.-Yves) Cronq.
Festuca ovina L. var.
rydbergii St.-Yves
Festuca ovina L. var.
saximontana (Rydb.) Gleason
Festuca
subverticillata . Nodding
fescue - Poaceae *MN*
native
to Minnesota, *WI*
Festuca
subverticillata (Pers.) Alexeev nodding fescue
Festuca obtusa Biehler
Festuca
trachyphylla . Long-leaved
fescue,
hard fescue, sheep
fescue - Poaceae *MN*
non-native, *WI*
Festuca
trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina hard fescue
Festuca brevipila Tracey
Festuca cinerea auct. non
Vill.
Festuca duriuscula auct. non
L.
Festuca duriuscula L. var.
cinerea auct. non (Vill.) Krajina
Festuca longifolia auct. non
Thuill.
Festuca ovina auct. non L.
Festuca ovina L. var.
duriuscula auct. non (L.) W.D.J. Koch
Ficus
L. fig
Ficus
carica L. edible fig
Filago
arvensis . Field cotton rose - Asteraceae *MN*
non-native
Filipendula
P. Mill. queen
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Filipendula
rubra (Hill) B.L. Robins. queen of the prairie,
queen-of-the-prairie
- *WI*
Ulmaria rubra Hill (WI)
Filipendula
ulmaria . Queen-of-the-meadow - Rosaceae *MN* non-native,
*WI*
Filipendula
ulmaria (L.) Maxim. queen of the meadow
Filipendula
ulmaria var. denudata . Queen-of-the-meadow - Rosaceae *MN* non-native
Filipendula
ulmaria (L.) Maxim. ssp. denudata (J.& K. Presl) Hayek
queen of the meadow
Filipendula denudata (J.&
K. Presl) Rydb.
Filipendula ulmaria (L.)
Maxim. var. denudata (J.& K. Presl) Hayne ex Maxim.
Filipendula
ulmaria var. ulmaria . Queen-of-the-meadow - Rosaceae *MN* non-native,
*WI*
Filipendula
ulmaria (L.) Maxim. ssp. ulmaria queen of the
meadow
Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. var.
ulmaria (WI)
Spiraea ulmaria L.
Fimbristylis
Vahl fimbry
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fimbristylis
autumnalis . Autumn fimbry,
autumn sedge,
slender fimbry, slender fringe-rush - Cyperaceae *MN*
native
to Minnesota :
Special Concern list, *WI*
Fimbristylis
autumnalis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes
slender fimbry
Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.)
Roemer & J.A. Schultes var. mucronulata (Michx.) Fern.
Fimbristylis frankii Steud. (WI)
Fimbristylis geminata (Nees)
Kunth
Fimbristylis mucronulata (Michx.)
S.F.Blake (WI)
Scirpus autumnalis L.
Scirpus michauxii Pers. (WI)
Scirpus mucronulatus Michx. (WI)
Trichelostylis geminata T.Lestib.
& Nees (WI)
Trichelostylis mucronulata (Michx.)
Torr. (WI)
Fimbristylis
puberula . chestnut sedge,
hairy fimbristylis, hairy fimbry - Cyperaceae *MN*
native
to Minnesota :
Endangered list, *WI*
Fimbristylis
puberula (Michx.) Vahl hairy fimbry
Fimbristylis
puberula (Michx.) Vahl var. interior (Britt.) Kral
chestnut sedge,
hairy fimbristylis, hairy fimbry
- *WI*
Fimbristylis interior Britt.
Fimbristylis
puberula (Michx.) Vahl var. puberula chestnut
sedge,
hairy fimbristylis, hairy
fimbry
- *WI*
Fimbristylis anomala Boeckl.
Fimbristylis castanea
(Michx.) Vahl var. puberula (Michx.) Britt.
Fimbristylis drummondii
(Torr. & Hook. ex Torr.) Boeckl.
Fimbristylis multistriata Boeck. (WI)
Fimbristylis puberula
(Michx.) Vahl var. drummondii (Torr. & Hook. ex Torr.) Ward
Fimbristylis spadicea (L.) Vahl var.
puberula (Michx.) Chapm. (WI)
Isolepis drummondii Torr. &
Hook. (WI)
Scirpus puberulus Michx.
Fissidens
Fissidens adianthoides [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fissidens bryoides [Google
Images]
. bryoid fissidens moss, lesser pocket
moss - *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba, "weed"
Fissidens osmundioides [Google
Images] . *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Floerkea
Willd. floerkea
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Floerkea
proserpinacoides . False
mermaid, false
mermaid-weed - Limnanthaceae
*MN* native
to Minnesota
:
Threatened list, *WI*
Floerkea
proserpinacoides Willd. false mermaidweed
Floerkea occidentalis Rydb.
Foeniculum
P. Mill. fennel
2:642 (Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Foeniculum
vulgare P. Mill. sweet fennel
- *WI*
Foeniculum foeniculum (L.)
Karst.
Family
Fontinalaceae
Fontinalis
Fontinalis antipyretica [Google
Images]
. common water moss - *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba, photo
Fontinalis dalecarlica [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Uncommon to widespread and
abundant throughout range; more information needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fontinalis hypnoides [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Widespread and apparently
secure throughout range; more information needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fontinalis macmillanii [Google
Images] . *MB*
Species rare to very rare
throughout range, vulnerable to extirpation, less than 20 occurrences;
more information needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fontinalis novae-angliae [Google
Images] . *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fragaria
L. strawberry
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fragaria
vesca L. thin-leaved wild
strawberry, woodland strawberry - *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; widespread, abundant
and nearly secure in Manitoba, but may be elements of future concern
Fragaria
vesca
var. americana . hillside strawberry,
thin-leaved wild strawberry, woodland strawberry , wood
strawberry - Rosaceae
*MN* native
to Minnesota, *WI*,
*MB*
Species abundant throughout
range, variety uncertain; widespread, abundant and nearly secure in
Manitoba, but may be elements of future concern
Fragaria
vesca L. ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt
woodland strawberry
Fragaria americana (Porter)
Britt.
Fragaria vesca L. var.
americana Porter
Fragaria
vesca L. ssp. vesca thin-leaved wild
strawberry, woodland strawberry
- WI
[Excluded
in Wisconsin]
Fragaria vesca L. f. alba (Ehrh.)
Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria vesca L. f. rosea Rostrup (WI)
Fragaria vesca L. var. alba
(Ehrh.) Rydb.
Fragaria vesca L. var. alba (Ehrh.)
Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria vesca L. var. vesca (WI)
Fragaria
virginiana . Common
strawberry, smooth wild strawberry,
thick-leaved wild
strawberry, Virginia strawberry, wild strawberry - Rosaceae
*MN* native
to Minnesota, *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; widespread, abundant,
and apparently secure in Manitoba
Fragaria
virginiana Duchesne Virginia strawberry
Fragaria australis (Rydb.) Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria canadensis Michx. (WI)
Fragaria glauca (S.Watson) Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria grayana E.Vilm. ex J.Gay (WI)
Fragaria illinoensis W.R.Prince (WI)
Fragaria multicipita Fernald (WI)
Fragaria ovalis (Lehm.) Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria platypetala Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria platypetala Rydb. var.
sibbaldifolia (Rydb.) Jeps. (WI)
Fragaria sibbaldifolia Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria suksdorfii Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria truncata Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne f.
maliflora Haynie (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne subsp.
glauca (S.Watson) Staudt (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne subsp.
grayana (E.Vilm. ex J.Gay) Staudt (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne subsp.
platypetala (Rydb.) Staudt (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne subsp.
virginiana (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
australis Rydb. (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
canadensis (Michx.) Farw. (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
(?) glauca S.Watson (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
illinoensis (W.R.Prince) A.Gray (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
ovalis (Lehm.) R.J.Davis (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
platypetala (Rydb.) Hall (WI)
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne var.
virginiana (WI)
Potentilla ovalis Lehm. (WI)
Fragaria
virginiana Duchesne ssp. glauca (S. Wats.) Staudt
smooth wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry
- *MB*
Species abundant throughout
range, variety uncertain; widespread, abundant and nearly secure in
Manitoba, but may be elements of future concern
Fragaria glauca (S. Wats.)
Rydb.
Fragaria multicipita Fern.
Fragaria ovalis (Lehm.) Rydb.
Fragaria pauciflora Rydb.
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
var. glauca S. Wats.
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
var. ovalis (Lehm.) R.J. Davis
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
var. terrae-novae (Rydb.) Fern. & Wieg.
Fragaria
virginiana Duchesne ssp. grayana (Vilm. ex J. Gay) Staudt
smooth wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry
- *MB*
Species abundant throughout
range, variety uncertain; widespread, abundant and nearly secure in
Manitoba, but may be elements of future concern
Fragaria grayana Vilm. ex J.
Gay
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
var. illinoensis Gray
Fragaria
virginiana Duchesne ssp. virginiana Virginia
strawberry
Fragaria australis (Rydb.)
Rydb.
Fragaria canadensis Michx.
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
var. australis Rydb.
Fragaria virginiana Duchesne
var. canadensis (Michx.) Farw.
Frangula
P. Mill. buckthorn
Frangula
alnus . Alder
buckthorn - Rhamnaceae
*MN* non-native
Frangula
alnus P. Mill. glossy buckthorn
Rhamnus frangula L.
Rhamnus frangula L. var.
angustifolia Loud.
Frasera
Walt. green gentian
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Frasera
caroliniensis Walt. American columbo
- WI
[Excluded
in Wisconsin]
Frasera officinalis W. Bart.
Frasera verticillata Raf.
Frasera walteri Michx.
Swertia caroliniensis (Walt.)
Kuntze
Franseria
Franseria acanthicarpa [Google
Images] . sandbur
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; rare in
Manitoba,
less than 20 occurrences, may be vulnerable to extirpation, "weed"
Fraxinus
L. ash
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fraxinus
americana . White ash - Oleaceae
*MN* native
to Minnesota, *WI*
Fraxinus
americana L. white ash
Fraxinus americana L. f. iodocarpa
Fernald (WI)
Fraxinus americana L. var. americana
(WI)
Fraxinus americana L. var.
biltmoreana (Beadle) J. Wright ex Fern.
Fraxinus americana L. var.
crassifolia Sarg.
Fraxinus americana L. var.
curtissii (Vasey) Small
Fraxinus americana L. var.
juglandifolia (Lam.) Rehd.
Fraxinus americana L. var.
microcarpa Gray
Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle
Fraxinus curtissii Vasey (WI)
Fraxinus juglandifolia Lam. (WI)
Fraxinus
nigra . Black
ash - Oleaceae *MN*
native
to Minnesota, *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; uncommon in
Manitoba, less than 100 occurrences
Fraxinus
nigra Marsh. black ash
Fraxinus
pennsylvanica var. pennsylvanica . Green ash - Oleaceae *MN* native
to Minnesota, *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; widespread, abundant,
and apparently secure in Manitoba
(Fraxinus pennsylvanica, red ash)
Fraxinus
pennsylvanica Marsh. green ash, red ash
Fraxinus campestris Britt.
Fraxinus darlingtonii Britt.
Fraxinus juglandifolia Lam. var.
subintegerrima Vahl (WI)
Fraxinus lanceolata Borkh.
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.
var. austinii Fern.
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.
var. integerrima (Vahl) Fern.
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.
var. lanceolata (Borkh.) Sarg.
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall var.
pennsylvanica (WI)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.
var. subintegerrima (Vahl) Fern.
Fraxinus smallii Britt.
Fraxinus
profunda (Bush) Bush pumpkin ash
Fraxinus michauxii Britt.
Fraxinus tomentosa Michx. f.
Fraxinus
quadrangulata Michx. blue ash - *WI*
Froelichia
Moench snakecotton
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Froelichia
floridana (Nutt.) Moq. . common cotton-weed,
Florida snake-cotton, plains snake-cotton - *WI*
* +
Froelichia campestris Small
Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq.
var. campestris (Small) Fernald
Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq.
var. floridana
Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq.
var. pallescens Moq.
Oplotheca floridana Nutt.
Froelichia
floridana var. campestris . Prairie
cottonweed - Amaranthaceae
*MN* native
to Minnesota
Froelichia
floridana (Nutt.) Moq. plains snakecotton
Froelichia
floridana (Nutt.) Moq. var. campestris (Small) Fern.
plains snakecotton
Froelichia campestris Small
Froelichia
gracilis (Hook.) Moq. cotton-weed, slender
cotton-weed, slender snake-cotton, slender snakecotton, small
cotton-weed - *WI*
Froelichia braunii Standl.
Oplotheca gracilis Hook.
Frullania
Frullania eboracensis [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Frullania inflata [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fuirena
Rottb. umbrella-sedge
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fuirena
pumila (Torr.) Spreng. dwarf umbrella-sedge,
umbrella-grass - *WI*
Fuirena squarrosa Michx. var.
pumila Torr.
Fuirena torreyana Beck
Fulgensia
Fulgensia bracteata [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
Fumaria
L. fumitory
(Genus
Information, Photo Gallery and Map Gallery - Wisconsin)
Fumaria
officinalis . drug fumitory,
earthsmoke,
fumewort, fumitory - Fumariaceae
*MN*
non-native - *WI*,
*MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; not native to
Manitoba
Fumaria
officinalis L. drug fumitory
Fumaria
officinalis L. ssp. officinalis drug fumitory
Funaria
Funaria hygrometrica [Google
Images]
. *MB*
Species widespread,
abundant, and apparently secure throughout range; more information
needed to
determine status in Manitoba
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Bibliography
