Red Lake Court of Indian Offenses
Code – “Revisions July 25, 2001”


[Editor's Note: this copy of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians "tribal code" was received from what journalists call a "reliable source" in the tribal administration, apparently July 25, 2001 revisions of the Red Lake Court of Indian Offenses' Law and Order provisions that was adopted by the tribal council on September 11, 1990.  As a Court of Indian Offenses, the Red Lake Court is also subject to the federal regulations, including the law and order provisions in Title 25 of the Code of Federal Regulations.  Maquah.net makes no representation as to the accuracy or current status of this revised code.]


TITLE V  CRIMINAL OFFENSES

CHAPTER 500  GENERAL PROVISIONS

500.01     Scope and Effect

500.02     Definitions

500.03     Criminal Offense Based on Voluntary Intentional Conduct

500.04     Mental State

500.05     Jurisdiction

CHAPTER 501  DEFENSES TO CRIME

501.01     Burden of Proof; Standard of Proof

501.02     Ignorance or Mistake.

501.03     Alcoholism and Intoxication

501.04     Mental Disease or Defect

501.05     Self-Defense

501.06     Defense of Others

501.07     Defense of Property

501.08     Use of Deadly Force

501.09     Duress

CHAPTER 502  CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON

502.01     Assault Definition

502.02     Kidnaping

502.03     False Imprisonment

502.04     Negligent Homicide and Serious Bodily Injury

502.05     Robbery

CHAPTER 503  CRIMES AGAINST THE FAMILY

503.01     Bigamy

503.02     Adultery

503.03     Incest

503.04     Non-Support of Spouse or Child

503.05     Criminal Domestic Violence

503.06     Compulsory School Attendance

503.07     Neglect or Endangerment of a Child

CHAPTER 504  CRIMES AGAINST THE TRIBE

504.01     Carrying Handguns

504.011       Handling Dangerous Weapons - Superseded by Section 504.12

504.12     Handling a Dangerous Weapon

504.012       Automatic Weapons

504.02     Commercial Fishing

504.03     Damage to Property of the Red Lake Band

504.04     Violation of Tribal Ordinances

504.05     Setting Fires

504.06     Littering

504.07     Removal of Non-Members

504.08     Liquor

504.09     Embezzlement

504.10     Fighting Forest Fires

504.11     Curfew

504.12     Handling a Dangerous Weapon

504.13     Control of Vicious Dogs

504.14     Sale or Transfer to persons under eighteen [intoxicating substances]

504.15      Possessing, dealing in.

CHAPTER 505  THEFT AND RELATED CRIMES

505.01    Theft

505.02     Unauthorized Use of a Motor Vehicle

505.04     Obtaining Public Assistance by Fraud

CHAPTER 506       CRIMES AGAINST ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE

506.01     Perjury

506.02     Escape

506.03     Obstructing Legal Process or Arrest

506.04     Aiding on Offender to Avoid Arrest

506.05     Release, Failure to Appear

506.06     Misconduct of Judicial Officer

506.07     Destruction of Evidence

506.08     Criminal Contempt

506.09     Fleeing an Officer

506.10     Refusal to Assist a Police Officer

506.11     Witness and Juror Tampering

CHAPTER 507  PUBLIC MISCONDUCT OR NUISANCE

507.01     Unlawful assembly

507.02     Riot

507.03     Terroristic Threats

507.04     Public Nuisance

507.05     Disorderly Conduct

Section 507.055     Disorderly House

Section 507.065     Gross Misdemeanor Disorderly House

507.06     Obscene or Harassing Telephone Calls

507.07         Vandalism.

507.08     Attempted or Assisted Suicide

507.09     Harassment; Stalking; Penalties

4)     would cause a  person under such circumstances to feel oppressed, persecuted, or intimidated; and

5)     causes this reaction on the part of the victim.

CRIMES RELATING TO MORALITY AND DECENCY

508.01     Prostitution

508.02     Cohabitation

508.03     Sodomy

508.04     Fornication

508.05     Indecent Exposure

508.06     Carnal Knowledge of Children

508.07     Aggravated Sexual Assault

508.08     Indecent Liberties

508.09     Contributing to Delinquency of Minor

CHAPTER 509       DAMAGE OR TRESPASS TO PROPERTY

509.01     Trespass to Property

509.02     Defeating Security on Realty

509.03     Defeating Security on Personal Property

509.04     Arson

509.05     Defrauding an Insurer

509.06     Criminal Damage to Property

509.07     Burglary

509.08     Breaking and Entering

CHAPTER 511  CRIMES OF COMPULSION

511.01     Coercion

CHAPTER 512  CRIMES AFFECTING TRIBAL OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES

512.01     Bribery

512.02     Terroristic Threats Against Government Officials

512.03     Acts Overthrowing the Government

512.04     Martial Law

CHAPTER 513  GAMBLING

513.01     Gambling

CHAPTER 514  FORGERY AND RELATED CRIMES

514.01     Forgery

514.02         Issuing Bad Checks

514.03     Obtaining Signature By False Pretenses

514.04     False Official Statements

CHAPTER 515  EXTRADITION

515.01     Extradition of Offenders

CHAPTER 516  CRUELTY TO DOMESTICATED ANIMALS

516.01         Cruelty to Domesticated Animals

516.02         Damage to Animals

CHAPTER 517  LICENSES

517.01     Solicitation

CHAPTER 518       CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC SAFETY AND HEALTH

518.00     Criminal Defamation.

518.01     Sale of Tobacco to Children

518.02     Superseded by 504.12




TITLE V
CRIMINAL OFFENSES


CHAPTER 500
GENERAL PROVISIONS


500.01             Scope and Effect


No act or omission is a crime unless made so by this title or by other applicable law of the Red Lake Indian Reservation.


500.02             Definitions


Subdivision 1.             Crime.  Crime means conduct which is prohibited by this code or ordinance of the Red Lake Band and for which the actor may be sentenced to imprisonment, with or without a fine.


Subdivision 2.             Petty Misdemeanor.  Petty Misdemeanor means an offense which is prohibited by law for which a sentence of a fine of not more than $200.00 may be imposed.


Subdivision 3.             Misdemeanor.  Misdemeanor means a crime for which a sentence of not more than six (6) months or a fine of not more than $500.00, or both, may be imposed.


Subdivision 4.             Gross Misdemeanor.  Gross Misdemeanor means crime which is not a petty misdemeanor or misdemeanor.  The maximum sentence which may imposed for a gross misdemeanor is imprisonment for not more than one (1) year, or fine of not more than $5,000.00 or both.


Subdivision 5.             Tribe.  Tribe means the Red Lake Band of Chippewa  Indians.


Subdivision 6. "Indian"         (a) For the limited purposes of the Criminal & Juvenile Code, an Indian shall be defined as the following:


(1)        An enrolled member of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians; or

(2)        A Person of Indian descent who is a member, either enrolled by custom, or eligible for enrollment, of any federally recognized Indian Tribe under the jurisdiction of the United States; or


(3)        A descendent whose parent or grandparent is a current or former Red Lake member, or of one eligible for such membership, and who is a resident of the Red Lake Indian Reservation who is considered an Indian by the traditions, customs, culture, and mores of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians.

(b)        Excluding enrolled members, an Indian defined by this section, does not receive any  rights or privileges of membership of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians.

 

(Section 500.02 Subdivision 6, revised to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 167-95 dated August 8, 1995)


500.03             Criminal Offense Based on Voluntary Intentional Conduct


No person shall be convicted of an offense except based on conduct which includes a voluntary act or the omission to perform an act of which the defendant is physically capable.  Unless otherwise prohibit  in this code with respect to a particular offense, an offense is established only if a person acts intentionally with respect thereto.


500.04             Mental State


Subdivision 1.             Criminal Intent.  When criminal intent is an element of a crime in this title, such intent is indicated by the term "intentionally"; the phrase "with intent to", the phrase "with intent that" or some form of the verbs "know" or "believe."


Subdivision 2.             Know.  To know requires only that the actor believes that the specified fact exists.


Subdivision 3.             Intentionally.  Intentionally means that the actor either had a purpose to do the thing or cause the result specified or believes that his act, if successful, will cause that result.  In addition, the actor must have knowledge of those facts which are necessary to make his conduct criminal and which are set forth after the word "intentionally".


Subdivision 4. With Intent To; With the intent that.  "With the intent to" or "with intent that" means that the actor either has a purpose to do the thing or cause the result specified or believes that this act, if successful, will cause that result.


Subdivision 5.             Proof of Law.  Criminal intent does not require proof or knowledge of the existence of the law under which he is prosecuted.


Subdivision 6.             "Negligent".  Conduct is reckless if, with respect to a result or to a circumstance, a person should be aware of a substantial and unjustifiable risk that such a risk will occur or that such a circumstance exists, and his or her conduct involves a significant deviation from the standard of care that a reasonable person would observe.


Subdivision 7.             "Reckless".  Conduct is reckless if, with respect to a result or to a circumstance, a person consciously disregards a substantial risk that such a risk will occur or that such a circumstance exists, and the risk is of such a nature and degree that its disregard involves a gross deviation from the standard of conduct that a law-abiding person would observe in the situation.


(Section 500.04 Subd. 1 amended and Subd. 8 deleted to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 167-95 dated  August 8, 1995)


500.05             Jurisdiction


An Indian actor may be convicted and sentenced under the laws of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians if he or she commits an offense in whole or in part within the boundaries of the Red Lake Indian Reservation.  It is not a defense that the defendant's conduct is also a criminal offense under the laws of a state or of the United States or of another country.


[Editor's note: strike-through and underlines in original.]




CHAPTER 501
DEFENSES TO CRIME


501.01             Burden of Proof; Standard of Proof


Subdivision 1.             Tribe's Burden. The tribe has the burden of proving each element of an offense beyond a reasonable doubt.


Subdivision 2.             Defendant's Proof of Defense.  Whenever the defendant introduces evidence of a defense to support a reasonable belief as to the existence of that defense, the Tribe has the burden of disproving such defense beyond a reasonable doubt, unless this code or another ordinance expressly requires the defendant to prove the defense by a preponderance of the evidence.


 501.02            Ignorance or Mistake.

Ignorance or mistakes as to a matter of fact or law is a defense if:


a)         The ignorance or mistakes negates the necessary mental state required for the commission of an offense; or


b)         The law provides that the state of mind established by such ignorance or mistake constitutes a defense.


Whenever in this Code, an offense depends on a child's being below a certain age, it is no defense that the defendant did not know the child's age, or reasonably believed the child to be older than the required age.


501.03             Alcoholism and Intoxication


Subdivision 1.  Alcoholism and intoxication by use of alcohol or drugs are not defense unless they negate an element of the offense.


Subdivision 2.  When negligence or recklessness forms an element of the offense, self-induced intoxication by alcohol or drugs is no defense.


Subdivision 3.  Alcoholism and intoxication by alcohol or drugs do not, in themselves, constitute a mental disease or defect within the meaning of the law.


501.04             Mental Disease or Defect


Subdivision 1.  A person is not responsible for criminal conduct if, at the time of such conduct, as a result of mental disease or defect, as defined in the Mental Health Code, he or she lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the wrongfulness of that conduct or to conform that conduct to the requirements of law.


Subdivision 2.  As used in this Section, the terms "Mental Disease or defect" do not include an abnormality manifested only by repeated criminal or otherwise anti-social conduct.


501.05             Self-Defense


Subdivision 1.  The use of reasonable force is a defense when a person reasonably believes that such force is immediately necessary to protect himself or herself.


Subdivision 2.  A person is not justified in using force for the  purpose of resisting arrest, execution of process, or other performance of duty by a public servant regardless of whether the conduct of the public servant is lawful.


Subdivision 3.  A person is not justified in using force if the conduct of the person against whom force is used was provoked by the defendant himself or herself with the intent to cause physical injury to that other person.


501.06             Defense of Others


The use of force in order to defend a third person is a defense if:


a)         The defendant reasonably believes that the person whom he seeks to protect would be justified in using such protective force; and 


b)         The defendant has not, by provocation or otherwise, forfeited the right of self-defense; and


c)         The defendant reasonably believes that intervention is necessary for the protection of such other person.


501.07             Defense of Property


The use of force, other than deadly force, is a defense if the defendant reasonably believes that such force is necessary to prevent or terminate conduct which the defendant reasonably believes to be the commission or attempted commission of a crime involving trespass  on, damage to, or theft of property.


501.08             Use of Deadly Force


The use of deadly force is a defense only where the defendant reasonably believes that such force is necessary to protect himself/herself or another person against death, serious bodily harm, kidnaping, a sexual act compelled by force or threat, or to prevent or terminate the commission or attempted commission of arson.


501.09             Duress


When any crime is committed or participated in by two (2) or more persons, anyone of whom participates only under compulsion by another engaged therein, who by threats creates a reasonable apprehension in the mind of such participator is liable to instant death, such threats and apprehension constitutes duress which will excuse such participator from criminal liability.




CHAPTER 502
CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON


502.01             Assault Definition


Subdivision 1.             First Degree Assault.  First degree assault is an act done with intent to cause fear in another person of immediate bodily harm or death or the intentional infliction of or attempt to inflict bodily harm upon another without causing any actual bodily harm.  First degree assault is a petty misdemeanor.


Subdivision 2.             Second Degree Assault.  Any Indian person who intentionally causes bodily injury to another or recklessly or negligently causes bodily injury to another or attempts by physical menace to put another in fear of serious bodily harm is guilty of second degree assault.  Second degree assault is a misdemeanor.


Subdivision 3.             Third Degree Aggravated Assault.  Any Indian person who intentionally causes serious bodily injury to another or intentionally causes bodily injury to another with a deadly weapon or recklessly causes serious bodily injury to another under circumstances manifesting indifference to the value of human life is guilty of third degree aggravated assault.  Any Indian person who commits a first or second degree simple assault with a deadly weapon is guilty of third degree aggravated assault.  Aggravated assault is a gross misdemeanor.


[Editor's note: strike-through and underlines in original.]



Subdivision 4.             Assault of Police Officer, Tribal Game Wardens, Tribal Security
Person and Any Law Enforcement Personnel.


a)         Any Indian person who commits a first or second degree simple assault against a Police Officer, Tribal Game Warden, Tribal Security person or any other law enforcement personnel is guilty of a misdemeanor, unless the assault is committed with a deadly weapon in which case the Indian shall be guilty of a gross misdemeanor.


b)         Any Indian person who commits a third degree aggravated assault against a Police Officer, Tribal Game Warden, Tribal Security person or any other law enforcement personnel is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.


(Section 502.01, Subd. 4 added to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 308-92, dated September 15, 1992)


[Editor's note: strike-through and underlines in original.]



502.02             Kidnaping


Subdivision 1.             Acts Constituting.  Any Indian who intentionally confines or removes from one place to another, any person without his consent or, if he is under the age of sixteen  (16) years, without the consent of his parents or other legal custodian, for any of the following purposes, is guilty of kidnaping:


a)         To hold for ransom or reward for release, or as a shield or hostage; or


b)         To facilitate the commission of any crime or flight thereafter; or

 

c)         To commit great bodily harm or to terrorize the victim or another; or


d)         To hold in involuntary servitude; or


e)         Violation of a court order relating to custody of a minor child.


Subdivision 2.  Whoever violates Subdivision 1 is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.


502.03             False Imprisonment


Any Indian who, knowing he has no lawful authority to do so, intentionally confines or restrains a child not his own under the age of 18 years without the child's parent's or legal custodian's consent, or any other person without the person’s consent, is guilty of false imprisonment is a gross misdemeanor.


502.04             Negligent Homicide and Serious Bodily Injury


Resulting in Death.  Any Indian who causes the death or bodily injury (including mental anguish) of a human being, not constituting murder or manslaughter, as a result of operation of a motor vehicle, aircraft, water craft or any other instrumentality or mechanism which causes death or bodily injury under any of the following circumstances:


a)         In a grossly negligent manner; or


b)         In a negligent manner while under the influence of alcohol, a controlled substance, or any combination of these element; or

c)         In a negligent manner while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10, or more, is guilty of negligent homicide or bodily injury.  Negligent homicide or bodily injury is a gross misdemeanor.


(Section 502.04 amended to the Tribal Code by Resolution No. 205-90, dated September 11, 1990)


502.05             Robbery


Subdivision 1.             Simple Robbery.  Any Indian, knowing he is not entitled thereto, takes personal property from the person of another and uses or threatens the imminent use of force against any person to overcome his resistance or compels acquiescence in the taking or carrying away of the property is guilty of simple robbery.  Simple robbery is a misdemeanor.


Subdivision 2. Aggravated Robbery.  Any Indian who, while committing a robbery, is armed with a dangerous weapon or inflicts bodily harm upon another is guilty of aggravated robbery.  Aggravated robbery is a gross misdemeanor.


502.06             Endangering an Unborn Fetus


Subd. 1.   Any Indian woman who is pregnant and using alcohol, controlled substances or inhalants, is guilty of a crime and upon conviction shall be sentenced as a misdemeanor.  Sentencing options shall include mandatory attendance of prenatal classes, chemical dependency assessment, appropriate chemical dependency and counseling, and random screening of alcohol and drugs.


Subd. 2.  Any Indian who endangers an unborn fetus by any action or omission including but not limited to striking, kicking, pushing, or assaulting the pregnant woman shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.


(Section 502.06 added to the Tribal Code by Resolution No. 292-93, dated September 14, 1993)

(Section 502.06, Subd. 2 added to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 54-95, dated March 14, 1995)

(Section 502.06, Subd. 1 & 2 amended to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 98-98, dated June 9, 1998)




CHAPTER 503
CRIMES AGAINST THE FAMILY


503.01             Bigamy


Any Indian who does any of the following is guilty of bigamy:


a)         Enters into a marriage with knowledge that his prior marriage is still valid; or


b)         Enters into a marriage with knowledge that the prior marriage of the person he marries is still valid.


Bigamy is a gross misdemeanor.


503.02             Adultery


When a married person has sexual intercourse with another person, not then his or her spouse, whether married or not, both are guilty of adultery.


Adultery is a misdemeanor.


503.03             Incest


Subdivision 1.  Any Indian who has sexual intercourse or sexual contact with another nearer of kin to him/her than first cousin, whether of the half or the whole blood, with knowledge of the relationship, is guilty of incest.  Incest is a gross misdemeanor.


Subdivision 2.  Any Indian guilty of Incest, upon sentencing, shall be ordered to undergo a sex offender treatment program consistent with a psychological examination recommendation.


(Section 503.03 Subd. 1 amended and Subd. 2 added to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 216-95, dated September 28, 1995)


503.04             Non-Support of Spouse or Child


Subdivision 1.  Any Indian who is legally obligated to provide care and support to a spouse or child and knowingly omits or fails to provide child care and support to a spouse or child care, support or supervision appropriate to the child's age, is guilty of a misdemeanor


Subdivision 2.  In addition to any penalty provided for under law, the Court may provide, upon conviction of a violation of Subdivision 1 hereof, for the care and support of the child or spouse and require bond or other security to secure the performance and may suspend sentence or execution thereof, conditioned upon compliance with the Court order.


Subdivision 3.  If the Court should find that an Order made pursuant to Subdivision 2 has been violated, the suspension may be revoked and the sentence imposed or executed.


Subdivision 4.  In the event that a child, while unsupervised in violation of subdivision 1 hereof, or cause damage to the person or property of another, the person or persons who are legally obligated to provide care and support to such child shall be civilly liable for and damages caused by such child.  A child for purposes of this section is one who is under the age of eighteen (18) years.


(Section 503.04 Amended/added to the Tribal Code by Resolution No. 264-90, dated December 11, 1990)


503.05             Criminal Domestic Violence


Subdivision 1. Probable Cause Arrest for Domestic Violence.  Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, a police officer may arrest an Indian anywhere without a warrant, including at the Indian's place of residence, if the police officer has probable cause to believe that the Indian has assaulted, made a threat with a dangerous weapon, or placed in fear of immediate bodily harm the Indian's spouse, former spouse, or other person with whom the Indian presently resides or has formally resided.  The arrest may be made even though the assault did not take place in the presence of the Police Officer.


Subdivision 2. Immunity.  A police officer acting in good faith and exercising due care in making an arrest pursuant to Subdivision 1 hereof is immune from civil liability that might result from the police officer's action.  This immunity in no way relieves a police officer from liability caused as a result of police brutality.


Subdivision 3. Detention For Domestic Violence.  An Indian who is arrested on a charge of assaulting the Indian's spouse or other person with whom the Indian resides must be transported to the Red Lake Police station or jail.  The officer in charge of the police station or jail shall issue a summons to the Indian in lieu of continued detention unless it reasonably appears to the officer that the continued detention is necessary to prevent an assault to the victim or another person or there is a likelihood that the arrested Indian will fail to respond to a summons.  If the arrested Indian is detained by the police department, the arrested Indian must be brought before the Red Lake Nation Court without unnecessary delay.


Subdivision 4. Notice of Rights.  The police officer making an arrest under this section shall file a complaint against the alleged assaulter and shall tell the victim whether or not a shelter or other services are available to the victim on the Red Lake Reservation and give the victim immediate written notice of the legal rights and remedies available to the victim.  The written notice must include the following:


a)         That the victim has the right to file a petition with the Red Lake Nation Court for an Order for Protection and that an Order for Protection may include the following:


1)         Restraining the perpetrator from further acts of domestic violence;


2)         Excluding the perpetrator from the victim’s household; and


3)         Mandatory counseling or other available social services including participation by the perpetrator in various treatment programs.


Subdivision 5. Judicial Review. 


a)         Upon initial appearance before the Red Lake Nation Court on a police detention for an alleged domestic violence charge, the Court shall review the facts surrounding the arrest and detention.  The arrested Indian must be released pending trial on the Indian's own recognizance or bail unless the Court determines that a release would be detrimental to the public safety or a release could result in the likelihood of an assault on the victim or another person or a release will not reasonably assure the appearance of the arrested person at the next scheduled court proceeding.


b)         If the Court determines that an unconditional release of the arrested person pursuant to this Subdivision is not advisable, the Court may use its discretion and impose on the arrested Indian any conditions for release that the Court believes will reasonably assure protection of the victim or another person from an assault and will assure the presence of the arrested Indian at the next scheduled court proceeding.  The arrested Indian may then be released on the condition imposed by the Court.


Subdivision 6. Violation of Conditions of Release.  A warrant for the arrest of the released Indian shall be issued immediately by the Court if the Court is advised in an executed writing that the released Indian has violated the conditions of release and the Court finds that probable cause exists to believe that the conditions of release have been violated.


Subdivision 7. Penalties.  Upon a conviction of a charge of domestic violence, the convicted Indian shall be sentenced in accordance with the provisions of Section 502.01 of the Tribal Code.  In addition to the penalties provided for section 502.01 of the Tribal Code, the Court, in the exercise of its sound discretion, may order the convicted Indian to attend mandatory counseling or treatment as a part of the sentence.


(Section 503.05 added to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 308-92, dated September 15, 1992)


503.06             Compulsory School Attendance


Subdivision 1. Parental Responsibility.  The parent of a child is responsible for assuring that the child attends school in accordance with the mandatory school attendance policy and laws of the Red Lake Reservation.


Subdivision 2. Parent Defined.  Parents means a parent, guardian or other person having legal custody of a child.


Subdivision 3. Violations; Penalties.  Any parent who fails or refuses to fulfill the responsibility imposed on a parent in Subdivision 1 hereof, or any person who induces or attempts to induce a child unlawfully to be absent from school or any person who knowingly harbors or employs, while school is in session, any child unlawfully absent from school shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.


(Section 503.06 added to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 308-92, dated September 15, 1992)


503.07             Neglect or Endangerment of a Child


            Persons guilty of neglect or endangerment.


a)         Neglect. 


(1)   A parent, legal guardian, or caretaker who deprives a child of necessary

(2)   food, shelter, health care, or supervision appropriate to the child’s age, when the parent, or guardian, or caretaker is able to make the necessary provisions and the deprivation may likely to harm the child’s physical, mental, or emotional health is guilty of neglect of a child, which is a misdemeanor.  A gross misdemeanor may result if the deprivation results in  harm to the child’s physical, mental, or emotional health.


(3)   A parent, legal guardian, or caretaker who knowingly permits the continuing                        


(4)   physical or sexual abuse of a child is guilty of neglect of a child, which is a gross misdemeanor.


b)         Endangerment.  A parent, legal guardian, or caretaker who endangers a child by:


(1)   intentionally or recklessly causing or permitting a child to be placed in a situation likely to substantially harm the child’s physical, mental, or emotional health or cause the childs death; or


(2)   knowingly causing or permitting the child to be present where any person is selling, using or possessing a controlled substance, including alcohol, is guilty of misdemeanor child endangerment.


(c). Endangerment by firearm access or other dangerous apparatus.  A person who intentionally, negligently or recklessly causes a child under 14 years of age to be placed in a situation likely to harm the child’s physical health or that of any individual or cause the child’s death as a result of the child’s access to a loaded firearm is guilty of child endangerment


A gross misdemeanor may result if such endangerment results in harm to the child’s physical health.


(Section 503.07, Neglect or Endangerment of a Child added to Tribal Code by Resolution No. 74-98, dated May 12, 1998)




CHAPTER 504
CRIMES AGAINST THE TRIBE


504.01             Carrying Handguns


Subdivision 1. Definitions. 


a)         Handgun means a weapon designed to be fired by the use of a single hand and with an overall length less than 12 inches, or having a barrel or barrels of a length less than sixteen (16) inches; and


1)         from which may be fired one or more solid projectiles by means of a cartridge or shell, or


2)         for which the propelling force is a spring, elastic band, carbon dioxide, air, or other gas or vapor.


Handgun does not include a device firing or ejecting a shot measuring .18 of an inch or less in diameter and commonly known as a BB gun, a scuba gun, a stud gun, or nail gun used in the construction industry or children's pop guns or toys.


b)         Crime of violence includes murder in the first degree, murder in the second degree, murder in the third degree,  manslaughter, aiding suicide, aiding attempted suicide, aggravated assault, use of drugs to injure or to facilitate crime, simple robbery, aggravated robbery, kidnaping, false imprisonment, rape, aggravated sodomy, felonious theft, aggravated arson, riot, burglary, reckless use of a gun or dangerous weapon, intentionally pointing a gun at or towards a human being, setting a spring gun, unlawfully owning, possessing, or operating a machine gun, conspiracy and coercion and an attempt to commit any of these offenses.


Subdivision 2. Penalty.  Any Indian, other than a law enforcement officer who has authority to make arrests, who carries, holds or possesses a handgun in a motor vehicle, snowmobile or boat, or on or about his clothes or person, or otherwise in his possession or control in a public place without first having obtained a permit to carry the handgun from the Red Lake Law Enforcement Program is guilty of a gross misdemeanor, and the handgun involved may be confiscated.


Subdivision 3. Application Procedure.  Application for permits to carry a handgun shall be made to the head of the Red Lake Reservation Law Enforcement Program on forms provided by that Department.


Subdivision 4. Grounds for Denial of Permit.  A permit to carry a handgun shall not be granted to the applicant if applicant:


a)         Is under the age of 18 years.


b)         Has been convicted on the Red Lake Reservation or elsewhere of a crime of violence unless 10 years have elapsed since the expiration of the sentence and during that time he has not been convicted of any other crime of violence.


c)         Is or has been confined or committed to a mental institution unless he possesses a current certificate of a medical doctor that he is no longer suffering from any mental disability.


d)         Does not have any occupational or personal safety hazard requiring a permit to carry a pistol.


Subdivision 5. Denial of Permit.  If the head of the Red Lake Reservation law Enforcement Program should refuse to issue a permit to carry a handgun, the applicant may appeal such denial to the Court as a civil action.


Subdivision 6.             Renewal.  Permits to carry a handgun issued pursuant to this section shall expire after one (1) year and shall thereafter be renewed in the same manner as the original permit.


Subdivision 7. False Application.  Any applicant who gives or causes to be given any false information in applying for a permit to carry a handgun, knowing the information to be false, is subject to immediate revocation of the permit or if no permit exists, the application shall be denied.


Subdivision 8. Carrying Handguns Under Certain Conditions.  A permit to carry a handgun is not required of an Indian:


a)         Who keeps or possesses a handgun at his place of business, dwelling house, premises, or on land he possesses.


b)         Who carries a handgun from a place of purchase to his dwelling house or place of business or from his dwelling house or place of business to or from a place where repairing is done provided the handgun is not concealed on his person.